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Myopia or Near-sightedness is inherited. If a parent has myopia their child may get it as well. Myopia is often discovered in children when they are between ages 4 and 12 years old. During the teenage years, when the body grows rapidly, myopia may become worse. Between the ages of 20 and 40, there is usually little change. Myopia can also occur in adults. It usually stabilizes between the ages of 20-30 years old.
Symptoms include
Children with myopia have:
- eye strain
- headaches
- squint to see properly
- and difficulty seeing objects far away, such as road signs or a blackboard at school
These symptoms may become more obvious when children are between ages 4 and 12 years old.
Cause of Myopia
The eye’s tear film, Cornea, and lens bend light so it focuses on the Retina. The Retina receives the picture formed by these light rays. It sends the picture to the brain through the optic nerve, which is actually part of the brain.
Myopia occurs when the eye is longer than normal or has a cornea that is too steep. As a result, light rays focus in front of the retina instead of on it. In this case, you see near objects clearly, but distant objects will appear blurred
Myopia Treatment
The most appropriate correction for myopia depends on your eyes and your lifestyle. Discuss your lifestyle with your ophthalmologist. Together, you can decide which correction may be most effective for you.
Eyeglasses and Contact Lenses:
- Eyeglasses or contact lenses are the most common methods of correcting myopia symptoms. They work by refocusing light rays on the retina, compensating for the shape of your eye. Eyeglasses can also help protect your eyes from harmful ultraviolet (UV) light rays. A special lens coating that screens out UV light is available.
Refractive surgery:
- In many cases, people may choose to correct near-sightedness with LASIK or another form of refractive surgery. These surgical procedures improve your vision by reshaping the cornea. The reshaped cornea focuses light properly onto the retina.
Refractive surgeries for near-sightedness include:
- LASIK
- Epi-LASIK
- PRK
- Refractive Lens Exchange.
Low-Dose Atropine
Low-dose atropine (0.01%) has emerged as an effective approach to slow the progression of short-sightedness in children and adolescents. It is used once daily at night and the results appear promising
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Written and Verified by:
DR. ARUN SINGHVI
MBBS, MD (AIIMS, NEW DELHI) & FRCS (A) PHACO, FEMTO, CORNEA & REFRACTIVE (Q-LASIK, ICL & BIOPTICS)
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